Neonatal World Conference 2026

Abstract

Objective :

To study low birth weight infants admitted to the Neonatal Unit of the Pediatrics Department of the Bogodogo University Hospital Center (Ouagadougou).

Method :

This was a descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2025, to June 30, 2025.

Results :

The prevalence of antibiotic prescription was 50.64%.sex-ratio 0.78 and the low-birth-weight group (1500-2499 g) were the most common. Prematurity (47.46%) and respiratory distress (22.46%) were the most common reasons for consultations. Maternal-fœtal infection (57.63%) and postnatal infection (22.46%) were the most commonly reported diagnoses. Bêtalactams (99.15%) and aminoglycosides (97.88%) represented the most commonly used antibiotic families. The cefotaxime-gentamicin combination (98.81%) was the most commonly used. The rationale for antibiotic therapy was based on clinical signs suggesting infection in 60.59% of cases. Antibiotic use was helpful in 69.92% of cases. The outcome was curative in 85.17% of cases and death in 10.59% of cases.

Conclusion :

Antibiotic therapy in low-birth-weight infants represents a major challenge in neonatology. It is therefore essential to regulate the prescription of antibiotics in this population, for more rational antibiotic therapy. Keywords : antibiotic, low birth weight, CHU B